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[MICRO-09] Hospital Infection Control, Biomedical Waste Management (BMW Rules 2016/2018) & Nosocomial Bundles
MICRO-09 • 10. Clinical & Hospital PharmacyLearning Objectives
Master India's Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016 (amended 2018/2019) across the 4 colour-coded categories (**Yellow, Red, White, Blue**).; Apply Surgical Antimicrobial Prophylaxis (SAP) timing (**within 60 minutes before surgical incision** with [8.8] Cefazolin or [8.9] Cefuroxime) and WHO's 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene.; Prevent the 4 major healthcare-associated infections (CAUTI, CLABSI, VAP, SSI) and manage needlestick injuries.
Chapter Overview & Core Explanation
Hospital infection control and biomedical waste segregation protect patients, healthcare workers, and the community from bloodborne viruses (HIV, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C) and multidrug-resistant hospital superbugs.
Key Exam & Clinical Takeaways
- Under India's BMW Rules 2016/2018: Yellow = Anatomical, soiled, & expired medicines; Red = Contaminated recyclable plastics (tubing, catheters, syringes without needles); White = Metal sharps (needles, scalpels); Blue = Glassware (ampoules, vials) & implants.
- Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis ([8.8] Cefazolin) must be infused within 60 minutes prior to surgical skin incision to achieve bactericidal tissue concentrations at the moment of incision.