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[PHARM-03] Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Pharmacology: Cholinergic & Adrenergic Transmission
PHARM-03 • 2. PharmacologyLearning Objectives
Trace the synthesis, vesicular storage, release, and enzymatic degradation (AChE, MAO, COMT) of acetylcholine and catecholamines.; Contrast muscarinic agonists, anticholinesterases, and antimuscarinics with organophosphate poisoning protocol.; Differentiate α1, α2, β1, β2, and β3 adrenergic agonists and blockers across shock, asthma, hypertension, and BPH.
Chapter Overview & Core Explanation
The autonomic nervous system runs automatic body functions using two opposing branches: the parasympathetic system ('rest and digest', driven by acetylcholine) and the sympathetic system ('fight or flight', driven by adrenaline and noradrenaline).
Key Exam & Clinical Takeaways
- Target of atropinization in OP poisoning is drying of bronchial secretions (clear auscultation) and HR > 80 bpm—NOT pupil dilation alone.
- Cardioselective β1-blockers ([3.11] Metoprolol, [3.12] Bisoprolol, [3.13] Nebivolol) are safer than non-selective [3.14] Propranolol in patients with mild reactive airway disease or diabetes.